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Product Overview: Kube-Hunter
What is Kube-Hunter?
Kube-Hunter is an open-source security tool developed by Aqua Security, designed to identify and expose security weaknesses in Kubernetes clusters. The primary goal of Kube-Hunter is to increase awareness and visibility of potential security issues within Kubernetes environments, helping users to harden their cluster security.
Key Features and Functionality
Scanning Options
Kube-Hunter offers several scanning options to cater to different use cases:
- Remote Scanning: Allows users to scan remote machines by specifying the IP address or domain name of the Kubernetes cluster. This can be done using the `–remote` option, e.g., `kube-hunter –remote some.node.com`.
- Interface Scanning: Scans all network interfaces of the machine running Kube-Hunter, helping to identify vulnerabilities accessible through different network paths. This is achieved with the `–interface` option.
- Network Scanning: Enables scanning of a specific CIDR range, which can be specified using the `–cidr` option, e.g., `kube-hunter –cidr 192.168.0.0/24`.
Hunting Modes
Kube-Hunter operates in two primary modes:
- Passive Hunting: This is the default mode where Kube-Hunter performs a series of tests to identify vulnerabilities without changing the state of the cluster. It includes various hunters such as API Service Discovery, Kubelet Secure Ports Hunter, AKS Hunting, and more.
- Active Hunting: This mode involves exploiting identified vulnerabilities to explore further security risks. Active hunting can perform state-changing operations and is potentially harmful, so it should be used with caution. It is enabled using the `–active` flag, e.g., `kube-hunter –remote some.domain.com –active`.
Custom Hunting
Advanced users can use the `–custom` option to specify which hunters to register at the start of a hunt, allowing for tailored security assessments. This feature removes all default hunters except the specified ones, providing fine-grained control over the hunting process.
Reporting and Logging
Kube-Hunter provides flexible reporting and logging options:
- Reports can be dispatched to various outputs, including stdout, HTTP, or other specified methods using the `–dispatch` option.
- Logging levels can be controlled using the `–log` option, allowing users to set the log level to WARNING, DEBUG, etc.
Deployment and Integration
Kube-Hunter can be deployed in various ways:
- It can be run directly on a machine, including within a Kubernetes cluster.
- It can be deployed using Helm charts for easier integration into existing Kubernetes environments.
- It can also be run in a pod within the cluster to simulate the perspective of a compromised application pod.
Additional Capabilities
- Node Auto-Discovery: Kube-Hunter can automatically discover Kubernetes nodes and subnets using cloud metadata APIs.
- Vulnerability Mapping: The tool can output a mapping of the nodes it has found, providing a clear view of the cluster’s network layout.
- CVE Hunting: Kube-Hunter includes hunters that check for specific CVEs affecting Kubernetes nodes and the kubectl client.
In summary, Kube-Hunter is a powerful tool for identifying and mitigating security vulnerabilities in Kubernetes clusters, offering a range of scanning options, hunting modes, and customizable features to help users ensure the security and integrity of their Kubernetes environments.
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